2024 Iranian presidential election
 | This article may be affected by the following current event: 2024 Varzaqan helicopter crash. Information in this article may change rapidly as the event progresses. Initial news reports may be unreliable. The last updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. (May 2024) |
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 2024 Iranian presidential election |
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| Political parties in Iran |
| Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front |
| Related elections & appointments |
Early presidential elections in Iran will be held on 28 June 2024[1] following the death of President Ebrahim Raisi.[2]
Background[edit]
On 19 May 2024, Raisi was returning from a trip to the Iran-Azerbaijan border to inaugurate a hydroelectric complex at the Giz Galasi reservoir alongside the President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev.[3] During their journey, the helicopter carrying him and eight other passengers and crew crashed at approximately 13:30 IRST (UTC+03:30) near the city of Varzaqan in the province of East Azerbaijan. Heavy fog affected search-and-rescue conditions, but by 20:39, Iranian forces were near the crash.[4] Later that day, the wreckage of the helicopter was located,[5] with all nine passengers and crew on the aircraft found dead. This led to First Vice President Mohammad Mokhber becoming the acting president according to Article 131 of the Constitution.[6]
Electoral system[edit]
The president of Iran is usually elected every four years by a "direct vote of the people", as set out by Article 114 of the Iranian Constitution,[6] which means that a presidential election should have taken place on or before 18 June 2025, but due to the death of the president, it will be held earlier. It is the country's highest directly elected official, the chief of the executive branch, and the second most important position after the Supreme Leader. Under Iran's political system, the Supreme Leader holds much more power than the President.[7] The minimum voting age is 18.
According to the Islamic Republic of Iran's constitution, any Iranian citizen who believes in Shia Islam, is loyal to the Constitution, the ideology of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist and the Islamic Republic can participate in election as a presidential candidate. An institution called the Election Monitoring Agency (EMA), managed by the Guardian Council, vets registered candidates and selects a handful to run in the election.[8]
The Guardian Council does not publicly announce the reason for rejections of particular candidates, although those reasons are privately explained to each candidate. Women are not constitutionally restricted from running; however, all women who have registered as candidates have been excluded from standing for election by the Guardian Council.[9][10] "We have not rejected any woman due to being a woman", the spokesman of the Guardian Council said. He clarified that there is no obstacle for women's registration in the elections.[11]
Those approved by the Guardian Council are put to a public vote on the weekend. The winner is the candidate who receives a majority (50% plus one) of votes. If no candidate receives enough votes, another election is held between the two candidates with the most votes the following Friday.[12] Iranians who voted during the election receive a stamp that indicate so on their birth certificates.[13]
According to the constitution, once the result is known, the Supreme Leader must sign the decree of the elected president, and if he refuses to sign, the elected president will not assume the presidency. So far, Supreme Leaders have always signed the decree of the elected president.[14][15] After that, the elected president must recite and sign an oath in a session of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, in the presence of the members of the Guardian Council and the head of the Supreme Court. In the Oath, the elected president must swear that he will guard the official religion (Islam), protect the Constitution and the Islamic Republic, and that he will dedicate himself to the service of the nation, its people, and its religion (among other things).[12]
Dates[edit]
Following the announcement of Raisi's death on 20 May, authorities announced that voting would be held on 28 June, with registration of candidates running from 30 May to 3 June and campaigning lasting from 12 June until 27 June.[1]
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Iran to hold presidential elections on June 28 after Raisi's death". Al Arabiya. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- ^ "Iran helicopter crash: President Ebrahim Raisi killed in helicopter crash". BBC News. 2024-05-20. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- ^ Hafezi, Parisa (2024-05-20). "Helicopter carrying Iranian President Raisi crashes, search under way". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- ^ Makoii, Akhtar; Abrahams, Jessica; Smith, Benedict; Zagon, Chanel (2024-05-19). "Search for Iranian president Ebrahim Raisi's helicopter complicated by rain". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- ^ "Iran president helicopter crash live updates: President Ebrahim Raisi dies - state TV". BBC News. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- ^ a b "Constitution". en.mfa.ir. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- ^ "Ebrahim Raisi, ultra-conservative judiciary chief, wins Iran's presidential vote amid historically low turnout". CNN. 19 June 2021. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
- ^ Iranian provisional government of Mehdi Bazargan. "Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran". Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 20 June 2021 – via Wikisource.
- ^ "ثبت نام زنان در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری بلامانع است/ نظر فقها هیچ تغییری نکرده است". ایسنا (in Persian). 10 October 2020. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
- ^ Karimov, F (8 May 2013). "First female candidate registered for Iranian presidential elections". Trend. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
- ^ "Iran's ban on female presidential candidates contradicts Constitution". Amnesty International. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.[dead link]
- ^ a b "Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1979 (amended 1989)" (PDF). Constitute Project. 28 July 1989. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ Gambrell, Jon (19 June 2021). "Hard-line judiciary head wins Iran presidency as turnout low". Dubai, United Arab Emirates. AP. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
- ^ "بازخوانی تنفیذ احکام روسای جمهور+عکس و متن احکام". ایسنا (in Persian). 3 August 2013. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
- ^ "مراسم تنفیذ حکم حسن روحانی برگزار شد". BBC News فارسی (in Persian). Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
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