85 (number)

85 (eighty-five) is the natural number following 84 and preceding 86.

In mathematics[edit]

85 is:

the product of two prime numbers (5 and 17), and is therefore a semiprime of the form (5.q) where q is prime.
specifically, the 24th Semiprime, it being the fourth of the form (5.q).
together with 86 and 87, forms the second cluster of three consecutive semiprimes; the first comprising 33, 34, 35.^[1]
with a prime aliquot sum of 23 in the short aliquot sequence (85,23,1,0).
an octahedral number.^[2]
a centered triangular number.^[3]
a centered square number.^[4]
a decagonal number.^[5]
the smallest number that can be expressed as a sum of two squares, with all squares greater than 1, in two ways, 85 = 9² + 2² = 7² + 6².^[6]
the length of the hypotenuse of four Pythagorean triangles.
a Smith number in decimal.^[7]

Messier object M85 is a magnitude 10.5 lenticular galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices
NGC 85 is a galaxy in the constellation Andromeda
85 Io is a large main belt asteroid
85 Pegasi is a multiple star system in constellation of Pegasus
85 Ceti is a variable star in the constellation of Cetus
85D/Boethin is a periodic comet

Federalist No. 85, by Alexander Hamilton, the last of The Federalist Papers (1788)
The 85 Ways to Tie a Tie, a book by Thomas Fink and Yong Mao
85 Days: The Last Campaign of Robert Kennedy, a book by Jules Witcover
Live/1975–85, an album of live recordings by Bruce Springsteen (1986)
80–85, a compilation album by Bad Religion (1991)
Cupid & Psyche 85, an album by band Scritti Politti (1985)
45/85 was a television documentary on World War II
Minuscule 85, Papyrus 85, Lectionary 85 are early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament
"85", a 2000 rap single by YoungBloodz, from their album Against Da Grain
85°C, a Taiwanese coffee store chain.

In U.S. college athletics, schools that are members of NCAA Division I are limited to providing athletic scholarships to a maximum of 85 football players in a given season. The specifics vary by the two Division I football subdivisions:

In the top-level FBS, each player provided with a scholarship may, and almost always does, receive a full scholarship.
In the second-level FCS, schools are allowed to provide football-related athletic aid equivalent to 63 full scholarships, but this aid may be divided among up to 85 players as the schools see fit.

The year AD 85, 85 BC, or 1985.
The Muslim calendar year 85 AH.
The atomic number of the chemical element astatine
The number of the French department Vendée
The ISBN Group Identifier for books published in Brazil
The radix of the Ascii85 (sometimes called Base85) binary-to-text encoding
The IQ and nickname of Aaron in Alien 3
The number worn by Chad Ochocinco, whose name means "eight five" in Spanish
Arabigere 85 is a village in India
E85 fuel is 85% ethanol and 15% conventional gasoline
MCS-85 was a family of Intel processors including the 8085
TI-85 was a graphing pocket calculator by Texas Instruments
KC 85 was a family of small computers built in East Germany in the 1980s
PMD 85 was a personal computer built in Czechoslovakia in 1985
Learjet 85 is an all-composite plane being developed by Bombardier Aerospace
British Rail Class 85, a category of UK train locomotives
DRG Class 85, a category of German train locomotives
TK85 was a clone of the Sinclair ZX81 made in Brazil in 1983
Lima Site 85 was a battle in the Vietnam War
A85 is the Dutch Defence in the Encyclopaedia of Chess
EF 85mm is a photographic camera lens by Canon
F85 (disambiguation), multiple uses
Part of the assignation for the Toyota AE85, commonly referred to as an "eight-five".
KiHa 85 series is a diesel Limited express train that ran in Japan until 2023.
HC85 series is the successor of KiHa 85 and is a hybrid diesel limited express train.