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Extrajudicial killings in the Gaza Strip

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See also: Capital punishment in the Gaza Strip and Extrajudicial killings in the West Bank

Gaza Strip 1949 to 1967[edit]

See also: Spillover into Sinai (below) and Ras Sedr massacre

Khan Yunis 1956[edit]

See also: Khan Yunis massacre § Refugee camp, Khan Yunis, and Suez Crisis

Conflicting reports of skirmishes between the two peoples were also reported in the neighboring Khan Yunis Camp, which housed displaced Palestinian refugees[citation needed]. PLO official Abdullah Al Hourani was in the camp at the time of the killings.[1] Al Hourani alleged that men were taken from their homes and shot by the Israeli Defense Forces. Hourani himself claimed to have fled from an attempted summary execution without injury.[2]

Gaza Strip 2007 to 2023[edit]

23 executed in 2014[edit]

During the 2014 Gaza War,[3][4] Hamas executed 23 Palestinians in the Gaza Strip.[5] According to an Amnesty International report, 23 Palestinians were executed by Al-Qassam in the course of the 2014 conflict, and 16 of them imprisoned from before the war began.[6][7] Some were on trial for espionage, but those trials were suddenly city short. From among the executed, 6 were killed by a firing squad outside a mosque in front of hundreds of spectators including children. Amnesty claimed that Hamas used the cover of the war, which had a very heavily death toll,[3] to carry out summary executions, to settle scores against opponents under the pretext they were collaborators with Israel.[8][5] They were also accused of torture.[4]

Mahmoud Eshtewi killed in February 2016[edit]

In February 2016, Al Qassam claimed they had executed of Mahmoud Eshtewi (Arabic: محمود رشدي اشتيوي, romanized: Maħmoud Rushdi Eshtewi,[9][10] sometimes spelled "Mahmoud Ishtiwi").[11] one of the group’s leading commanders, for very ambiguous reasons. Most reliable sources described the charges as unnamed or undefined.[12][13][9][14] The stated reason was “for behavioral and moral violations to which he confessed” (Arabic: تجاوزاته السلوكية والأخلاقية التي أقر بها)[9][10][14] Whatever it may refer to, the confession was probably obtained by torture,[14][13] which may have been a common occurrence.[15] Before his death, his family had been told that the death penalty charge - treason (giving information to Israel that causes the deaths of Palestinians) - had been dropped.[14] There is some suspicion that Eshtewi died in custody and was shot after death, from reports of people who saw his body before burial and thought the bullet wounds looked suspicious.[9][14] The New York Times and other media from the USA interpreted the vague charges as a reference to a sex with another man.[16][17] Eshtewi was survived by his two widows and his three children.[16]

War 2023[edit]

Massacre of unarmed military[edit]

See also: Nahal Oz attack and 7 October attacks


Alleged Field executions by Israeli ground forces[edit]

See also: Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor § Summary executions, War crimes during the Israel–Hamas war, and Israeli war crimes

OHCHR stated on 20 December 2023 that according to witness accounts circulated by media sources and Euro-Med Monitor, Israeli soldiers summarily killed eleven unarmed men in Rimal.[18] Subsequently in January 2024, Al Jazeera reported that the number of deaths was 19. Euro-Med Monitor told Al Jazeera they believe there is a pattern of "systematic" killing, that "In at least 13 of field executions, we corroborated that it was arbitrary on the part of the Israeli forces." On 26 December, 2023, Euro-Med Monitor submitted a file to the International Criminal Court and United Nations special rapporteurs documenting dozens of cases of field executions carried out by Israeli forces and calling for an investigation.[19][20][21]

Shadia Abu Ghazala School massacre[edit]

See also: Shadia Abu Ghazala School massacre

The Euro-Med Monitor stated the victims of the Shadia Abu Ghazala School massacre were subjected to "field executions" while being questioned.[22]

Unarmed people were shot at point blank [23]

Reports of parents being shot in front of children[edit]

Some war orphans in Gaza told matching stories about their parents being shot by soldiers who invaded the family home. Bisan Owda interviewed a 5 year old child named Faisal Ahmed Al-Khalidi who said that both his father and his mother (who was 7 months pregnant at the time) had both been shot in front of him by soldiers who raided their home.[24] Other orphans told similar stories about their parents being killed.[25]

Spillover into Sinai Peninsula[edit]

See also: June 1967, Ras Sedr massacre, and Six Day War

Egyptian Army[edit]

See also: Six Day War and Suez Crisis

Two major massacres took place in the Sinai Peninsula. Ras Sedr massacre: A mass murder of at least 52 Egyptian prisoners of war that took place immediately after a paratrooper unit of the Israel Defense Forces conquered Ras Sedr.[26] El Arish massacre: Earlier in the day, according to the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights, the Israeli Defense Forces had massacred hundreds of Egyptian prisoners of war or wounded soldiers in El Arish. Survivors alleged later that about 400 wounded Egyptians were buried alive outside the captured El Arish International Airport, and that 150 prisoners in the mountains of the Sinai were run over by Israeli tanks.[27]

Hamas[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Who is Abdullah Al Hourani?". WebGaza.net. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
  2. ^ Sacco, Joe (12 October 2010). Footnotes in Gaza. Metropolitan Books. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-8050-9277-6.
  3. ^ a b https://www.972mag.com/photos-the-palestinian-families-obliterated-in-just-51-days/
  4. ^ a b https://www.smh.com.au/world/hamas-accused-of-killing-and-torturing-palestinians-20150527-ghajf2.html
  5. ^ a b Beaumont, Peter (27 May 2015). "Hamas executed 23 Palestinians under cover of Gaza conflict, says Amnesty". The Guardian. Retrieved 2016-04-06.
  6. ^ "Hamas tortured and killed Palestinian 'collaborators' during Gaza conflict - new report". Amnesty International. Retrieved 2016-04-06.
  7. ^ "'Strangling Necks': Abduction, torture and summary killings of Palestinians by Hamas forces during the 2014 Gaza/Israel conflict" (PDF). Amnesty International. p. 5, 15, 19. Retrieved 2016-04-06.
  8. ^ "Gaza: Palestinians tortured, summarily killed by Hamas forces during 2014 conflict". Amnesty International. 2015-05-27. Retrieved 2024-05-29.
  9. ^ a b c d "تعذيب وموت محتجز لدى حماس في غزة". Human Rights Watch (in Arabic). 16 February 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2024. لتجاوزاته السلوكية والأخلاقية التي أقر بها - For his behavioral and moral transgressions that he acknowledged.
  10. ^ a b "Implementation of the death sentence issued against Phalange member Mahmoud Eshtewi". Military Information Department of EQB. 7 February 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  11. ^ Pfeffer, Anshel (13 May 2024). "Hamas leader's torture tactics revealed in IDF tunnel raid". The Times. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
  12. ^ "Hamas kills a local commander for unnamed 'violations'". AP News. AP. 7 February 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
  13. ^ a b "פלסטין: עציר עונה ומת בידי חמאס - Human Rights Watch" (in Hebrew). 15 February 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
  14. ^ a b c d e "Palestine: Torture, Death of Hamas Detainee - Human Rights Watch". Human Rights Watch. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2024. His family said they discovered that Qassam operatives held him in secret locations until February 7, when the group's Military Information Department issued a statement saying it had executed Eshtewi after sentencing him to death "for behavioral and moral violations to which he confessed".
  15. ^ https://www.hrw.org/report/2012/10/03/abusive-system/failures-criminal-justice-gaza
  16. ^ a b Hadid, Diaa; Waheidi, Majd Al (March 1, 2016). "Hamas Commander, Accused of Theft and Gay Sex, Is Killed by His Own". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 1, 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2023. Adding a layer of scandal to the story, he was accused of moral turpitude, by which Hamas meant homosexuality." … "Mr. Ishtiwi, who is survived by two wives and three children…
  17. ^ Moore, Jack (2 March 2016). "Hamas executed a prominent commander after accusations of gay sex". Newsweek. Retrieved 2016-04-06. Hamas announced that the man in charge of a number of the group's tunnels used for smuggling and surprise attacks had been executed for moral turpitude, a Hamas term for homosexuality[better source needed] … a Hamas[who?] investigation alleged that Ishtiwi had hidden money designated for his unit's weapons, before an unnamed man claimed to have had sex with him, providing details about their meetings. The investigation concluded that the money Ishtiwi had stolen had been used to pay the man for sexual relations or to bribe him to keep Ishtiwi's secret. Note: The phrase translated by this source as "moral turpitude" is translated in other sources as "moral transgressions", and there is no evidence of it being used in any other context to specifically refer to Men who have Sex with Men (MSM).
  18. ^ "UN Human Rights Office - OPT: Unlawful killings in Gaza City". ReliefWeb. OHCHR. 20 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
  19. ^ "Euro-Med submits findings on Israeli army executions in Gaza to ICC, UN, calling them 'genocide' – Middle East Monitor".
  20. ^ "Watchdog Submits Evidence of Israeli Executions of Gaza Civilians to UN, ICC". www.commondreams.org.
  21. ^ "جريدة القدس".
  22. ^ "Israel turns schools into military centres, conducting field executions and mass killings". Euro-Med Monitor. Archived from the original on 13 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  23. ^ Najjar, Farah; Harb, Ali (13 Dec 2023). "Displaced 'killed point-blank' in Gaza school". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
  24. ^ https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20240310-a-5-year-old-gazan-child-recounts-how-israeli-soldiers-shot-his-pregnant-mum-and-dad-in-front-of-his-eyes/
  25. ^ https://uk.news.yahoo.com/israel-hamas-war-palestinian-siblings-215400197.html
  26. ^ "New Mass Grave of 1967 War POWs discovered in Ras Sedr". Al Jazirah (in Arabic). June 28, 2000.
  27. ^ Kassim, Anis F., ed. (2000). The Palestine Yearbook of International Law, 1998-1999. Martinus Nijhoff. p. 181.

See also[edit]

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